Correlations between Basal Trace Minerals and Hormones in Middle and Long-Distance High-Level Male Runners

Javier Alves, Gema Barrientos, Víctor Toro, Francisco Javier Grijota, Diego Muñoz and Marcos Maynar
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Javier Alves: Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, C/Henry Collet, 52–70, CP, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
Gema Barrientos: Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education, Pontifical University of Salamanca, C/Henry Collet, 52–70, CP, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
Víctor Toro: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, University Avenue, s/n CP, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
Francisco Javier Grijota: Department of Education, Faculty of Language and Education. Antonio de Nebrija University, C/Del Hostal, 28248 Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid, Spain
Diego Muñoz: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, University Avenue, s/n CP, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
Marcos Maynar: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, University Avenue, s/n CP, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 24, 1-12

Abstract: Several essential trace minerals play an important role in the endocrine system; however, toxic trace minerals have a disruptive effect. The aim of this research was to determine basal concentrations and the possible correlations between trace minerals in plasma and several plasma hormones in runners. Sixty high-level male endurance runners (21 ± 3 years; 1.77 ± 0.05 m; 64.97 ± 7.36 kg) participated in the present study. Plasma hormones were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and plasma trace minerals were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Correlations and simple linear regression were used to assess the association between trace minerals and hormones. Plasma testosterone concentrations were inversely correlated with manganese (r = ?0.543; ? = ?0.410; p < 0.01), selenium (r = ?0.292; ? = ?0.024; p < 0.05), vanadium (r = ?0.406; ? = ?1.278; p < 0.01), arsenic (r = ?0.336; ? = ?0.142; p < 0.05), and lead (r = ?0.385; ? = ?0.418; p < 0.01). Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were positively correlated with arsenic (r = 0.298; ? = 0.327; p < 0.05) and cesium (r = 0.305; ? = 2.272; p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with vanadium (r = ?0.303; ? = ?2.467; p < 0.05). Moreover, cortisol concentrations showed significant positive correlations with cadmium (r = 0.291; ? = 209.01; p < 0.05). Finally, insulin concentrations were inversely related to vanadium (r = ?0.359; ? = ?3.982; p < 0.05). In conclusion, endurance runners living in areas with high environmental levels of toxic minerals should check their concentrations of anabolic hormones.

Keywords: trace mineral; LH; testosterone; cortisol; insulin; runners (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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