Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of Culturable Fungal Endophytes in Solanum mauritianum

Sharon Pelo, Vuyo Mavumengwana and Ezekiel Green
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Sharon Pelo: Department of Biotechnology and Food-Technology, University of Johannesburg, 55 Beit Street, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
Vuyo Mavumengwana: DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
Ezekiel Green: Department of Biotechnology and Food-Technology, University of Johannesburg, 55 Beit Street, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-11

Abstract: Plant endophytes are microbial sources of bioactive secondary metabolites, which mimic the natural compounds chemistry of their respective host plants in a similar manner. This study explored the isolation and identification of fungal endophytes, and investigated the antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity of their crude extracts. Fungal endophytes were isolated from Solanum mauritianum , identified using morphological traits and internal transcribed spacer ribosomal-deoxyribonucleic acid (ITS-rDNA) sequence analysis. Eight fungal endophytes were identified as Aureobasidium pullulans, Paracamarosporium leucadendri , Cladosporium sp., Collectotrichum boninense, Fusarium sp., Hyalodendriella sp., and Talaromyces sp., while Penicillium chrysogenum was isolated from the leaves and unripe fruits. Good activity was observed for the crude extracts of Paracamarosporium leucadendri inhibiting Mycobacterium bovis , Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 6 µg/mL. Crude extracts of Fusarium sp., showed activity at 9 μg/mL against M. bovis, M. smegmatis and K. pneumonia . In general, the crude extracts showed great activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and novel results for two mycobacteria species M. bovis and M. smegmatis . The results provide evidence of diverse fungal endophytes isolated from Solanum mauritianum, and evidence that fungal endophytes are a good source of bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potential, particularly against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Keywords: antimycobacterial; secondary metabolites; fungal endophytes; minimum inhibitory concentration; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Solanum mauritianum and Penicillium chrysogenum (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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