Emissions Control of Hydrochloric and Fluorhydric Acid in cement Factories from Romania

Gheorghe Voicu, Cristian Ciobanu, Irina Aura Istrate and Paula Tudor
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Gheorghe Voicu: Department of Biotechnical System, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spaiul Independentei 313, Sector 6, RO-060042, 010164 Bucharest, Romania
Cristian Ciobanu: Department of Biotechnical System, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spaiul Independentei 313, Sector 6, RO-060042, 010164 Bucharest, Romania
Irina Aura Istrate: Department of Biotechnical System, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spaiul Independentei 313, Sector 6, RO-060042, 010164 Bucharest, Romania
Paula Tudor: Department of Management, Faculty of Entrepreuneurship Business Engineering and Management, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spaiul Independentei 313, Sector 6, RO-060042, 010164 Bucharest, Romania

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 3, 1-13

Abstract: From the available statistical data, cement factories co-process a range of over 100 types of waste (sorted both industrial and household) being authorized for their use as combustion components in clinker ovens. Therefore, the level of emissions is different depending on the type of fuels and waste used. The amount of industrial and municipal co-processed waste in the Romanian cement industry from 2004 to 2013 was about 1,500,000 tons, the equivalent of municipal waste generated in a year for 18 cities with over 250,000 inhabitants. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the emission level of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) at the clinker kilns at two cement factories in Romania for different annual time intervals and to do a comparative analysis, to estimate their compliance with legislation in force. The measurements results showed average emission levels of about 0.578 mg/Nm 3 for HCl and about 0.100 mg/Nm 3 for HF, in the first hours of the evening, but decreased at the beginning of the third tour, at about 0.385 mg/Nm 3 for HCl, respectively, to about 0.085 mg/Nm 3 for HF. The evolution of HCl and HF emission levels during the last 4 years showed a variable distribution of these acids.

Keywords: cement factory; clinker kiln; pollutant emissions; hydrochloric acid; hydrofluoric acid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:1019-:d:317077

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