Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of Human Bocavirus 2 in Pediatric Patients with Acute Gastroenteritis in Taiwan

Marco Yung-Cheng Lin, Hsiu-Chuan Chan, Hsin Chi, Shu-Chun Chiu, Zaiga Nora-Krukle, Santa Rasa-Dzelzkaleja, Anda Vilmane, Modra Murovska, Jih-Hui Lin and Hsin-Fu Liu
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Marco Yung-Cheng Lin: Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
Hsiu-Chuan Chan: Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Hsin Chi: Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children’s Hospital and MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
Shu-Chun Chiu: Center of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taipei 11561, Taiwan
Zaiga Nora-Krukle: Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Santa Rasa-Dzelzkaleja: Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Anda Vilmane: Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Modra Murovska: Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
Jih-Hui Lin: Center of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taipei 11561, Taiwan
Hsin-Fu Liu: Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 3, 1-9

Abstract: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a causative agent of respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. Four HBoV species (HBoV1-4) have been identified so far. Although a previous report has documented the HBoV association with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in Taiwan, their epidemiology, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic relationships remain unclear. In this study, we focused on an investigation of these unsolved issues, which will help to reveal molecular epidemiology and phylogeny of the circulating HBoV2 in Taiwan. A total of 176 stool samples were collected from children with AGE for this study. PCR amplification and sequencing on the VP1 gene region were used to identify species. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted by maximum-likelihood and neighbor-joining methods. Selection pressure was also estimated to obtain HBoV evolutionary information. Our results showed the prevalence of HBoV in AGE children was 8.5%, of which HBoV1 was the predominant species (6.3%), followed by HBoV2 (2.3%). Phylogenetic analysis showed those Taiwanese HBoV2 strains have significant genetic variability and can be divided into two clusters. One belongs to HBoV2 genotype A and the other forms an independent unclassified cluster. The nucleotide distance between that independent cluster and the known HBoV2 genotypes was more than 5%, suggesting a new HBoV2 genotype. No positive selection site was found and the virus was under purifying selection. This is the first report to reveal HBoV2 genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among AGE children in Taiwan. We find that HBoV2 may have been introduced into the country by multiple origins, and a potential new HBoV2 genotype is proposed.

Keywords: human bocavirus 2; acute gastroenteritis; phylogenetic analysis; genotype (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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