Relationship between Serum Vitamin D and Leg Strength in Older Adults with Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: A Preliminary Study

Akira Saito, Koji Hiraki, Yuhei Otobe, Kazuhiro P. Izawa, Tsutomu Sakurada and Yugo Shibagaki
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Akira Saito: Department of Rehabilitation Center, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
Koji Hiraki: Department of Rehabilitation Center, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
Yuhei Otobe: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Municipal Tama Hospital,1-30-37 Syukugawara Tama-ku Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa 214-8525, Japan
Kazuhiro P. Izawa: Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe-city, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
Tsutomu Sakurada: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
Yugo Shibagaki: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 4, 1-5

Abstract: Active vitamin D (calcitriol, or 1.25 (OH) 2 D) is associated with muscle weakness, falls, and fracture in community-dwelling older people. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a serum active vitamin D level and lower extremity muscle strength in elderly patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study included 231 patients with CKD treated conservatively as outpatients. We analyzed patient background factors, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), phosphorus, calcium, albumin, serum calcitriol level as an indicator of active vitamin D, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) collected from medical records. As an index of lower extremity muscle strength, the isometric knee extension muscle strength-to-weight ratio (kgf/kg) was calculated. The mean patient age was 75.9 ± 6.1 years (68.8% male), and the BMI was 24.1 ± 3.8 kg/m 2 . A significant correlation was observed between knee extensor muscle strength and serum calcitriol level ( r = 0.32, p < 0.01), age ( r = –0.30, p < 0.01), BMI (r = −0.31, p < 0.01), intact PTH ( r = −0.22, p < 0.01), phosphorus ( r = −0.29, p < 0.01), albumin ( r = −0.28, p < 0.01), and eGFR ( r = 0.25, p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed calcitriol to be significantly associated with knee extensor muscle strength (β: 0.14, 95% confidence interval: 0–0.002, p = 0.04) after adjustment for covariates. These results suggest that the serum active vitamin D level is associated with lower extremity muscle strength in older adults with pre-dialysis CKD. It is necessary to verify whether vitamin D supplementation increases lower extremity muscle strength in pre-dialysis CKD patients.

Keywords: serum vitamin D; leg strength; older adults; pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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