Phytostabilization of Cd and Pb in Highly Polluted Farmland Soils Using Ramie and Amendments

Mo-Ming Lan, Chong Liu, Shi-Jiao Liu, Rong-Liang Qiu and Ye-Tao Tang
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Mo-Ming Lan: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Chong Liu: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Shi-Jiao Liu: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Rong-Liang Qiu: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Ye-Tao Tang: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 5, 1-12

Abstract: In-situ remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil in farmland using phytostabilization combined with soil amendments is a low-cost and effective technology for soil pollution remediation. In this study, coconut shell biochar (CB, 0.1% and 0.5%), organic fertilizer (OF, 3.0%), and Fe-Si-Ca material (IS, 3.0%) were used to enhance the phytostabilization effect of ramie ( Boehmeria nivea L.) on Cd and Pb in highly polluted soils collected at Dabaoshan (DB) and Yangshuo (YS) mine sites. Results showed that simultaneous application of CB, OF, and IS amendments (0.1% CB + 3.0% OF + 3.0% IS and 0.5% CB + 3.0% OF + 3.0% IS, DB-T5 and DB-T6) could significantly increase soil pH, reduce the concentrations of CaCl 2 -extractable Cd and Pb, and increase the contents of Ca, P, S, and Si in DB soil. Under these two treatments, the growth of ramie was significantly improved, its photosynthesis was enhanced, and its levels of Cd and Pb were reduced, in comparison with the control (DB-CK). After applying DB-T5 and DB-T6, the concentrations of Cd and Pb in roots were decreased by 97.7–100% and 64.6–77.9%, while in shoots they were decreased by up to 100% and 92.9–100%, respectively. In YS-T4 (0.5% CB + 3.0% OF), the concentrations of Cd and Pb in roots were decreased by 39.5% and 46.0%, and in shoots they were decreased by 44.7% and 88.3%. We posit that phytostabilization using ramie and amendments could reduce the Cd and Pb bioavailability in the soil mainly through rhizosphere immobilization and plant absorption. In summary, this study suggests that the use of tolerant plant ramie and simultaneous application of coconut shell biochar, organic fertilizer, and Fe-Si-Ca materials is an effective stabilization strategy that can reduce Cd and Pb availabilities in soil. Ultimately, this strategy may reduce the exposure risk of crops to heavy metal pollution in farmland.

Keywords: phytostabilization; ramie; soil amendments; Cd; Pb (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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