Factors Associated with High Mercury Levels in Women and Girls from The Mojana Region, Colombia, 2013–2015

Sonia Mireya Diaz, Ruth Marien Palma, Maria Nathalia Muñoz, Carolina Becerra-Arias and Julián Alfredo Fernández Niño
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Sonia Mireya Diaz: Group of Environmental Risk Factors, National Institute of Health, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
Ruth Marien Palma: Environmental and Labor Health Group, National Institute of Health, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
Maria Nathalia Muñoz: Group of Environmental Risk Factors, National Institute of Health, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
Carolina Becerra-Arias: Secretary of Health and Environment of Bucaramanga. Public Health Surveillance, Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia
Julián Alfredo Fernández Niño: Department of Public Health. Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081007, Colombia

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 6, 1-11

Abstract: Women are primarily exposed to mercury through the consumption of fish contaminated by gold mining activities. The main systems affected are the central nervous and renal systems, although effects on the reproductive system have also been found. Objective : To explore the relationship between mercury levels in women and their possible sources of contamination. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2013 to 2015 with women residing in 11 municipalities in La Mojana, Colombia, using non-random sampling. Standardized instruments were used to identify sociodemographic characteristics, mercury use, mining-related activities, water and fish consumption, and other factors. Blood, urine, and hair samples were taken to quantify mercury levels. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with elevated mercury values in the participants’ samples. A total of 428 women were included, with an average age of 36.7 ± 16.7 years, 3.3% of whom were pregnant at the time of the survey and 8.4% of whom were exposed occupationally. High levels of mercury were present in 62.8% of the women, in any one of the three samples processed. Those exposed occupationally and environmentally had similar values ( p = 0.821). Frequency of fish consumption and source of drinking water were associated with higher levels of mercury ( p < 0.05).

Keywords: mercury; metal; exposure; women; fish (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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