Entrepreneurial, Economic, and Social Well-Being Outcomes from an RCT of a Youth Entrepreneurship Education Intervention among Native American Adolescents

Lauren Tingey, Francene Larzelere, Novalene Goklish, Summer Rosenstock, Larissa Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Elliott Pablo, Warren Goklish, Ryan Grass, Feather Sprengeler, Sean Parker, Allison Ingalls, Mariddie Craig and Allison Barlow
Additional contact information
Lauren Tingey: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 415 N. Washington St., Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
Francene Larzelere: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Novalene Goklish: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Summer Rosenstock: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 415 N. Washington St., Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
Larissa Jennings Mayo-Wilson: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 415 N. Washington St., Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
Elliott Pablo: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Warren Goklish: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Ryan Grass: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Feather Sprengeler: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Sean Parker: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Allison Ingalls: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 415 N. Washington St., Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
Mariddie Craig: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 308 Kuper St., Whiteriver, AZ 85941, USA
Allison Barlow: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, 415 N. Washington St., Baltimore, MD 21231, USA

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 7, 1-18

Abstract: Background: Entrepreneurship education has demonstrated positive impacts in low-resource contexts. However, there is limited evidence of such programs evaluated among Native American (NA) youth in a rural reservation. Methods: A 2:1 randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of the Arrowhead Business Group (ABG) entrepreneurship education program on entrepreneurship knowledge, economic empowerment, and social well-being among 394 NA youth. An intent to treat analysis using mixed effects regression models examined within and between study group differences from baseline to 24 months. An interaction term measured change in the intervention relative to change in the control. ABG participants were purposively sampled to conduct focus groups and in-depth interviews. Results: Significant intervention vs. control group improvements were sustained at 12 months for entrepreneurship knowledge and economic confidence/security. Significant within-group improvements were sustained for ABG participants at 24 months for connectedness to parents, school, and awareness of connectedness. Qualitative data endorses positive impacts on social well-being among ABG participants. Conclusion: Observed effects on entrepreneurship knowledge, economic empowerment, and connectedness, supplemented by the experiences and changes as described by the youth themselves, demonstrates how a strength-based youth entrepreneurship intervention focused on developing assets and resources may be an innovative approach to dually address health and economic disparities endured in Native American communities.

Keywords: Native American; adolescent; entrepreneurship education; randomized controlled trial; economic empowerment; qualitative (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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