Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan

Junta Takahashi, Hisashi Kawai, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Yutaka Watanabe, Hirohiko Hirano, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Kaori Ishii, Koichiro Oka and Shuichi Obuchi
Additional contact information
Junta Takahashi: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Hisashi Kawai: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Hiroyuki Suzuki: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Yoshinori Fujiwara: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Yutaka Watanabe: Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
Hirohiko Hirano: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Hunkyung Kim: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Kazushige Ihara: Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
Kaori Ishii: Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
Koichiro Oka: Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
Shuichi Obuchi: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 7, 1-9

Abstract: Recent research has suggested that the breadth and evenness of activity and activity diversity contribute to health outcomes among older adults. However, few established assessment tools for activity diversity have been developed. This study developed an Activity Diversity Questionnaire (ADQ) for older adults through expert consultation and a preliminary survey among 18 community-dwelling older adults. The diversity score was calculated according to Shannon’s entropy. In study 1, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the diversity scores were determined for community-dwelling older adults ( n = 30). In study 2, concurrent validity was tested with participants receiving comprehensive health checkups at the Itabashi ward in Japan in 2018 ( n = 766). The correlation coefficients of the diversity scores were then calculated in reference to the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence. The final version of the ADQ consisted of 20 total items with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.84) and moderate correlations with both the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (r = 0.48 and 0.60, respectively). The ADQ was developed through scientific procedures and revealed sufficient reliability and validity. As such, it is a scientifically validated tool for assessing activity diversity among older adults.

Keywords: activity diversity; questionnaire development; community-dwelling; elderly; reliability and validity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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