Strength plus Endurance Training and Individualized Diet Reduce Fat Mass in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Pedro J. Benito, Bricia López-Plaza, Laura M. Bermejo, Ana B. Peinado, Rocío Cupeiro, Javier Butragueño, Miguel A. Rojo-Tirado, Domingo González-Lamuño, Carmen Gómez-Candela and on behalf of the PRONAF Study Group
Additional contact information
Pedro J. Benito: LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Bricia López-Plaza: Department of Nutrition, Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
Laura M. Bermejo: Department of Nutrition, Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
Ana B. Peinado: LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Rocío Cupeiro: LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Javier Butragueño: LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Miguel A. Rojo-Tirado: LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Domingo González-Lamuño: Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Marqués de Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
Carmen Gómez-Candela: Department of Nutrition, Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
on behalf of the PRONAF Study Group: Membership of the PRONAF Study Group is provided in the Funding.

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 7, 1-13

Abstract: Studies with overweight people are a priority in order to observe the effect of the timing of intervention on pre-obesity people. The aim was to compare different physical activity programs plus an individualized hypocaloric diet on body composition in overweight subjects. A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out in overweight adults with no history of relevant illness. Primary outcome was total fat mass (TFM). Participants were allocated into four activity programs with equal intensity and volume of exercise for 22 weeks: strength training (S), endurance training (E), strength + endurance training (SE), and ‘adhering to physical activity recommendations’ (C). Participants followed a diet with 25% less energy (50%–55% carbohydrates, 30%–35% fat) measured by accelerometer. Variables were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. One hundred nineteen from 205 subjects were randomized in the four exercise groups (S = 30/E = 30/SE = 30/C = 29) and 84 participants (36 men/48 women) ended the intervention (S = 19/E = 25/SE = 22/C = 18). At the end of the experiment, all groups except C increased their total physical activity (S = 1159 ± 1740; E = 1625 ± 1790; SE = 1699 ± 2516; C = 724 ± 1979 MET-min/week). Using an ANOVA-test, improvements were observed in body weight (S = −4.6 ± 4.5; E = −6.6 ± 4.6; SE = −8.5 ± 2.8; C = −6.1 ± 5.6 kg, p = 0.059) and TFM (S = −4.24 ± 2.02; E = −4.74 ± 2.96; SE = −6.74 ± 3.27; C = −3.94 ± 4.18%; p < 0.05). The main conclusion was that there were no adverse events. Strength and endurance training with a balanced, individualized hypocaloric diet was the most effective at reducing weight loss and fat mass in overweight subjects. Trial registration: NCT01116856.

Keywords: physical activity; endurance training; strength training; dietary modification; body composition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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