The Mediation Effect of Self–Report Physical Activity Patterns in the Relationship between Educational Level and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Chilean Health National Survey 2016–2017

Patricio Solis-Urra, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado, Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Juan Pablo Zavala-Crichton, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Javier Sanchez-Martinez and Francisco Abadía-Molina
Additional contact information
Patricio Solis-Urra: PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Julio Plaza-Diaz: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez: IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
Carlos Cristi-Montero: IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
Juan Pablo Zavala-Crichton: Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 2531015, Chile
Jorge Olivares-Arancibia: IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
Javier Sanchez-Martinez: IRyS Research Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2374631, Chile
Francisco Abadía-Molina: Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-12

Abstract: The aims of this cross-sectional study were (i) to determine the association of educational level attained with cognitive impairment and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of different self-report physical activity (PA) patterns in a large sample of older Chileans. A sample of 1571 older adults from the National Chilean Survey (2016–2017) was included. The educational level attained, PA levels, mode of commuting, sedentary time, and leisure-time PA were self-reported through validated questionnaires. Cognitive impairment was determined by Mini-Mental State Examination (modified version). Association between educational level attained and cognitive impairment was examined using logistic regression models. Counterfactual mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of self-reported PA patterns. A lower educational level was consistently associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR range 2.846 to 2.266, all p < 0.001), while leisure-time PA was the only PA pattern that partially mediated this association (proportion mediated 8.0%). In conclusion, leisure-time PA was the solely PA pattern that partially mediated the association between the educational level and cognitive impairment. The rest self-reported PA patterns did not modify this association.

Keywords: cognitive function; aging; sedentary behavior; exercise; mental health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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