The Investigation of Gender Differences in Subjective Wellbeing in Children and Adolescents: The UP&DOWN Study

Sara Esteban-Gonzalo, Laura Esteban-Gonzalo, Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez, Marta Miret and Oscar L. Veiga
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Sara Esteban-Gonzalo: Faculty of Biomedicine, Psychology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
Laura Esteban-Gonzalo: Faculty of Biomedicine, Nursing Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez: CEI UAM + CSIC, IMDEA Food Institute, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Marta Miret: Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Oscar L. Veiga: Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-11

Abstract: Objective: Based on a three-factor model of subjective wellbeing (evaluative, hedonic and eudemonic), the purpose of this study was to analyze gender differences in children and adolescents through three different subjective wellbeing indicators. Method: The sample comprised 1.407 children and adolescents from Cadiz and Madrid (Spain), in the framework of the UP&DOWN study. Life satisfaction was measured with the subjective happiness scale, positive and negative affect were measured with the positive and negative affect schedule, and purpose in life was assessed with the children’s hope scale. Results: Linear regression models indicate the existence of significant gender differences only in adolescents, with higher scores among girls in positive affect ( p = 0.016) and negative affect ( p < 0.001) but with lower scores in purpose in life ( p = 0.024). Conclusions: These results highlight the role of gender as an important factor in explaining differences in subjective wellbeing. Additionally, results indicate that gender differences in subjective wellbeing are observed in adolescents, but not in children, suggesting that the gender gap in subjective wellbeing begins at the age of 12. Mental health practitioners should pay attention to these findings in order to implement screening methods and interventions focused on these needs.

Keywords: evaluative wellbeing; hedonic wellbeing; eudemonic wellbeing; children; adolescents; gender (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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