Validity and Reliability of the Newly Developed Malay-Language Health Belief of Bloating (HB-Bloat) Scale

Nurzulaikha Abdullah, Yee Cheng Kueh, Garry Kuan, Mung Seong Wong, Fatan Hamamah Yahaya and Yeong Yeh Lee
Additional contact information
Nurzulaikha Abdullah: Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
Yee Cheng Kueh: Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
Garry Kuan: Exercise and Sport Science, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
Mung Seong Wong: Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
Fatan Hamamah Yahaya: School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
Yeong Yeh Lee: Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-11

Abstract: Abdominal bloating (AB), a common complaint that affects quality of life and disturbs psychological well-being, is largely a behavioral-driven disorder. We aimed to develop and validate a new health belief of bloating (HB-Bloat) scale in the Malay language. The initial item pool was developed based on the theory of planned behavior, empirical literatures, expert review and in-depth interviews. Using the population with bloating (diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria and pictogram), exploratory and confirmatory factor analytical approaches (EFA and CFA, respectively) were utilized to explore and confirm the domains in the new scale. There were 150 and 323 respondents in the EFA and CFA, respectively. There were 45 items in the initial scale, but it was reduced to 32 items after content validity and pre-testing. In EFA, 17 items with three (3) structure factors (attitude 4 items, subjective norm 7 items, and perceived behavior control 6 items) were identified. Total variance explained by the EFA model was 40.92%. The Cronbach alpha of the three (3) factors ranged from 0.61 to 0.79. With CFA, the three factors model was further tested. Five problematic items were identified and removed. The final measurement model fit the data well (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA (90% CI) = 0.054 (0.038, 0.070), Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.941, Tucker–Lewis Fit Index (TLI) = 0.924, and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) = 0.044). The construct reliability of the final measurement model ranged from 0.76 to 0.84. As a conclusion, the new HB-Bloat scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessment of health beliefs in bloating.

Keywords: abdominal bloating; questionnaire; theory of planned behavior; intention; self-management; lifestyle; quality of life (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2773/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2773/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:8:p:2773-:d:346854

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().