Neighborhood Disadvantage and Tobacco Retail Outlet and Vape Shop Outlet Rates

David C. Wheeler, Elizabeth K. Do, Rashelle B. Hayes, Kendall Fugate-Laus, Westley L. Fallavollita, Colleen Hughes and Bernard F. Fuemmeler
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David C. Wheeler: Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Elizabeth K. Do: Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Rashelle B. Hayes: Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Kendall Fugate-Laus: Department of Health Behavior & Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Westley L. Fallavollita: Department of Health Behavior & Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Colleen Hughes: Department of Behavioral Health & Developmental Services, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
Bernard F. Fuemmeler: Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 8, 1-12

Abstract: Neighborhood-level socioeconomic variables, such as the proportion of minority and low-income residents, have been associated with a greater density of tobacco retail outlets (TROs), though less is known about the degree to which these neighborhood indicators are related to vape shop outlet (VSO) density. Many studies of TROs and neighborhood characteristics include only a small set of variables and also fail to take into account the correlation among these variables. Using a carefully curated database of all TROs and VSOs in Virginia (2016–2018), we developed a Bayesian model to estimate a neighborhood disadvantage index and examine its association with rates of outlets across census tracts while also accounting for correlations among variables. Models included 12 census tract variables from the American Community Survey. Results showed that increasing neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a 63% and 64% increase in TRO and VSO risk, respectively. Important variables associated with TRO rates included % renter occupied housing, inverse median gross rent, inverse median monthly housing costs, inverse median monthly housing costs, and % vacant housing units. Important variables associated with VSO rates were % renter occupied housing and % Hispanic population. There were several spatial clusters of significantly elevated risk for TROs and VSOs in western and eastern Virginia.

Keywords: density; geospatial; neighborhood disadvantage; outlet; retail; SES; tobacco vape (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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