Urban Water Consumption Patterns in an Adult Population in Wuxi, China: A Regression Tree Analysis

Hao Zheng, Weijie Zhou, Lan Zhang, Xiaobo Li, Jian Cheng, Zhen Ding, Yan Xu and Wenbiao Hu
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Hao Zheng: Department of Environmental Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
Weijie Zhou: Department of Environmental Health, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China
Lan Zhang: National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xiaobo Li: School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
Jian Cheng: School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
Zhen Ding: Department of Environmental Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
Yan Xu: Department of Environmental Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
Wenbiao Hu: School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 9, 1-15

Abstract: Understanding water intake variation is crucial for assessing human exposure to water pollutants. The correlation between water intake and demographic factors warrants further exploration. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate urban water consumption and its associated factors among adults in Wuxi, China, in 2015. The water consumption information was obtained by a 24-h self-report diary over seven consecutive days. A classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was applied to detect how water consumption varied with the demographic variables. Finally, a total of 1188 adults (18–87 years old) were included. The results demonstrated that the median water consumption of the adults was 1525 mL/day in summer and 1217 mL/day in winter. The results of the CART analysis demonstrated that body mass index (BMI) and age were the leading factors that were associated with water consumption in summer and winter, respectively. The water consumption threshold of BMI for men differed from women (23 kg/m 2 vs. 18 kg/m 2 ) in summer, and the threshold of age for men was also different from women (43 years vs. 21 years) in winter. In conclusion, the findings are useful for accurately assessing human exposure to water pollutants and identifying the high-risk subgroups.

Keywords: exposure assessment; water intake; water consumption; adults; CART (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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