Movement-Specific Reinvestment in Older People Explains Past Falls and Predicts Future Error-Prone Movements

Lisa Musculus, Noel Kinrade, Sylvain Laborde, Melina Gleißert, Miriam Streich and Babett Helen Lobinger
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Lisa Musculus: Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
Noel Kinrade: SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG18 5BH, UK
Sylvain Laborde: Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
Melina Gleißert: Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
Miriam Streich: Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
Babett Helen Lobinger: Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-11

Abstract: The tendency to think about or consciously control automated movements (i.e., movement-specific reinvestment) is a crucial factor associated with falling in the elderly. We tested whether elderly people’s movement-specific reinvestment depended on their past falling history and whether it can predict future error-prone movements. In a longitudinal pre-post design, we assessed n = 21 elderly people’s ( M age = 84.38 years, SD = 5.68) falling history, movement-specific reinvestment (i.e., Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale), and physical functioning (i.e., Short-Physical-Performance Battery). Following a baseline assessment, participants reported their movement behavior in a daily diary for 2 months, after which we assessed their movement-specific reinvestment and physical functioning again (longitudinal, pre-post design). Results revealed, first, that participants’ movement self-consciousness score was fairly stable, while their conscious-motor-processing score was less stable. Second, conscious motor processing was higher in participants who had fallen as opposed to those who had not fallen in the past. Third, conscious motor processing predicted error-prone future movement behavior reported in the daily diary. For identifying individuals who are more prone to fall, caregivers, rehabilitation staff, or doctors could apply the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale to screen elderly people’s psychomotor behavior. Based on conscious motor processing, monitoring cognitions could be tailored in theory-based, individual interventions involving both cognitive and motor training.

Keywords: longitudinal design; fall prevention; ageing; movement; cognition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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