Association between the Use of Health Services, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in Mexican Adults

María Araceli Ortiz-Rodríguez, María Vanessa Aldaz-Rodríguez, Luz María González-Robledo, Antonio Villa, Cristina Bouzas, Rosario Pastor and Josep A. Tur
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María Araceli Ortiz-Rodríguez: Faculty of Nutrition, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Mexico
María Vanessa Aldaz-Rodríguez: Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City 04360, Mexico
Luz María González-Robledo: Faculty of Nutrition, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Mexico
Antonio Villa: Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City 04360, Mexico
Cristina Bouzas: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Rosario Pastor: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Josep A. Tur: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-11

Abstract: Background : The use of health services is a complex behavioral phenomenon affected by multiple factors (availability, distance, cost, quality, attitudes, cultural beliefs, socioeconomic characteristics, and individuals’ self-perception of health). Mexico has a segmented health system, and the access to it depends on the labor insertion and the population’s ability to pay. Objective : To assess association between use of health services and cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome risk factors among Mexican adults. Methods : Analytical cross-sectional nationally representative study carried out on Mexican adults (?20-year-old adults of both sexes; n = 4595). Socioeconomic factors, geographic area, health care coverage, information about the use of health services, previous medical diagnoses of diabetes and hypertension, and smoking were assessed. Anthropometrics, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and glucose plasma levels were measured. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed. Prevalences were expressed in terms of percentages, and significant differences were calculated using ? 2 test. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the use of health services and cardiovascular risk factors and sociodemographic variables. Results : The probability of using health services is higher and more significant in subjects with obesity, diabetes (OR (95% CI): 1.73 (1.49–2.00; p < 0.001), hypertension (OR (95% CI): 1.29 (1.14–1.45; p < 0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (OR (95% CI): 1.30 (1.15–1.46; p < 0.001), and in those with hypercholesterolemia (OR (95% CI): 1.23 (1.03–1.39; p = 0.001). Conclusions : Among health service users, there is a positive significant association between the use of health services and the presence of metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia.

Keywords: health services; metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular risk factors; Mexico (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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