Assessing Biocompatibility of Face Mask Materials during COVID-19 Pandemic by a Rapid Multi-Assays Strategy
Tiziana Petrachi,
Francesco Ganzerli,
Aurora Cuoghi,
Alberto Ferrari,
Elisa Resca,
Valentina Bergamini,
Luca Accorsi,
Francesco Burini,
Davide Pasini,
Gaelle Françoise Arnaud,
Mattia Piccini,
Laura Aldrovandi,
Giorgio Mari,
Aldo Tomasi,
Luigi Rovati,
Massimo Dominici and
Elena Veronesi
Additional contact information
Tiziana Petrachi: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Francesco Ganzerli: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Aurora Cuoghi: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Alberto Ferrari: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Elisa Resca: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Valentina Bergamini: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Luca Accorsi: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Francesco Burini: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Davide Pasini: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Gaelle Françoise Arnaud: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Mattia Piccini: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Laura Aldrovandi: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Giorgio Mari: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Aldo Tomasi: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Luigi Rovati: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Massimo Dominici: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
Elena Veronesi: Technopole “Mario Veronesi”, via 29 Maggio, 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy
IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-11
Abstract:
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, scientific authorities strongly suggested the use of face masks (FMs). FM materials (FMMs) have to satisfy the medical device biocompatibility requirements as indicated in the technical standard EN ISO 10993-1:2018. The biologic evaluation must be confirmed by in vivo tests to verify cytotoxicity, sensitisation, and skin irritation. Some of these tests require an extensive period of time for their execution, which is incompatible with an emergency situation. In this study, we propose to verify the safety of FMMs combining the assessment of 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) with quantification of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as predictive markers of skin sensitisation or irritation based on human primary fibroblasts. Two hundred and forty-two FMMs were collected and classified according to spectrometer IR in polypropylene, paper, cotton, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, 3-dimensional printing, and viscose. Of all FMMs tested, 50.8% passed all the assays, 48% failed at least one, and only 1.2% failed all. By a low cost, rapid and highly sensitive multi assays strategy tested on human skin fibroblasts against a large variety of FMMs, we propose a strategy to promptly evaluate biocompatibility in wearable materials.
Keywords: biocompatibility; cytotoxicity; cytokines; inflammation; materials (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:
Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/10/5387/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/10/5387/ (text/html)
Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
Export reference: BibTeX
RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan)
HTML/Text
Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5387-:d:557115
Access Statistics for this article
IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu
More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().