The Spatial Overlap of Police Calls Reporting Street-Level and Behind-Closed-Doors Crime: A Bayesian Modeling Approach

Miriam Marco, Enrique Gracia, Antonio López-Quílez and Marisol Lila
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Miriam Marco: Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
Enrique Gracia: Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
Antonio López-Quílez: Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
Marisol Lila: Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 10, 1-14

Abstract: Traditionally, intimate-partner violence has been considered a special type of crime that occurs behind closed doors , with different characteristics from street-level crime. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial overlap of police calls reporting street-level and behind-closed-doors crime. We analyzed geocoded police calls in the 552 census-block groups of the city of Valencia, Spain, related to street-level crime ( N = 26,624) and to intimate-partner violence against women ( N = 11,673). A Bayesian joint model was run to analyze the spatial overlap. In addition, two Bayesian hierarchical models controlled for different neighborhood characteristics to analyze the relative risks. Results showed that 66.5% of the total between-area variation in risk of reporting street-level crime was captured by a shared spatial component, while for reporting IPVAW the shared component was 91.1%. The log relative risks showed a correlation of 0.53, with 73.6% of the census-block groups having either low or high values in both outcomes, and 26.4% of the areas with mismatched risks. Maps of the shared component and the relative risks are shown to detect spatial differences. These results suggest that although there are some spatial differences between police calls reporting street-level and behind-closed-doors crime, there is also a shared distribution that should be considered to inform better-targeted police interventions.

Keywords: joint modeling; Bayesian spatial analysis; intimate-partner violence; street-level crime; violence behind closed doors; neighborhoods (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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