Maternal and Neonatal Oral Microbiome Developmental Patterns and Correlated Factors: A Systematic Review—Does the Apple Fall Close to the Tree?

Gianna Maria Nardi, Roberta Grassi, Artnora Ndokaj, Michela Antonioni, Maciej Jedlinski, Gabriele Rumi, Katarzyna Grocholewicz, Irena Dus-Ilnicka, Felice Roberto Grassi, Livia Ottolenghi and Marta Mazur
Additional contact information
Gianna Maria Nardi: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
Roberta Grassi: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Artnora Ndokaj: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
Michela Antonioni: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
Maciej Jedlinski: Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Gabriele Rumi: Foundation Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
Katarzyna Grocholewicz: Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
Irena Dus-Ilnicka: Department of Oral Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Krakowska 26, 52-425 Wrocław, Poland
Felice Roberto Grassi: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70122 Bari, Italy
Livia Ottolenghi: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy
Marta Mazur: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: (1) Background: The purpose of the study was to comprehensively analyze the relationship between the mother’s oral microbiome, modes of delivery and feeding, and the formation of the newborn child’s oral microbiome. (2) Methods: This systematic review included a search through MEDLINE (PubMed) database (from 2010 to July 2020). Research was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42021241044. (3) Results: Of the 571 studies, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Included studies were classified according to (i) child’s delivery mode, (ii) maternal exposure to antibiotics and disinfectants, and (iii) feeding type. (4) Conclusions: The interpretation of these papers shows that the type of delivery, maternal exposure to disinfectants and antibiotics during delivery, maternal health classed as overweight, gestational diabetes mellitus, and feeding type are correlated to changes in the maternal and neonatal early oral microbiomes, based on the analysis provided in this systematic review. Because no evidence exists regarding the impact of maternal diet and maternal oral health on the establishment and development of the early oral newborn microbiome, more studies are needed to deepen the knowledge and understanding of the subject and develop preventive and therapeutic strategies of support to pregnant women.

Keywords: oral microbiome; early life; one thousand days; pregnancy; vaginal delivery; c-section; newborn; breastfeeding; antibiotics; oral health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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