Comparative Analysis of Metabolite Profiling of Momordica charantia Leaf and the Anti-Obesity Effect through Regulating Lipid Metabolism

Meiqi Fan, Jae-In Lee, Young-Bae Ryu, Young-Jin Choi, Yujiao Tang, Mirae Oh, Sang-Ho Moon, Bokyung Lee and Eun-Kyung Kim
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Meiqi Fan: Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
Jae-In Lee: Natural Product Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Korea
Young-Bae Ryu: Natural Product Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Korea
Young-Jin Choi: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
Yujiao Tang: School of Bio-Science and Food Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130600, China
Mirae Oh: Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Korea
Sang-Ho Moon: Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
Bokyung Lee: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
Eun-Kyung Kim: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-20

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of Momordica charantia ( M. charantia ) extract in obesity and abnormal lipid metabolism in mice fed high fat diet (HFD). Fruit, root, stem, and leaf extracts of M. charantia were obtained using distilled water, 70% ethanol and 95% hexane. M. charantia leaf distilled water extract (MCLW) showed the highest antioxidant activity in both 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity tests and reducing power. Metabolite profiles of M. charantia leaf extracts were analyzed for identification of bioactive compounds. HFD-fed mice were treated with MCLW (oral dose of 200 mg/kg/d) for 4 weeks. MCLW reduced lipid accumulation, body weight, organ weight, and adipose tissue volume and significantly improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in HFD mice. Furthermore, MCLW administration reduced serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with HFD mice. Moreover, MCLW significantly reduced the levels of serum urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase; alleviated liver and kidney injury. MCLW decreases expression of genes that fatty acid synthesis; increase the expression of catabolic-related genes. These results indicate that MCLW has an inhibitory effect on obese induced by high fat diet intake, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of abnormal lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue, suggesting that MCLW may be a suitable candidate for the treatment of obesity.

Keywords: Momordica charantia leaf; metabolite profiling; obesity; lipid metabolism (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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