Interactions among Reward Sensitivity and Fast-Food Access on Healthy Eating Index Scores in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Shirlene D. Wang, Michele Nicolo, Li Yi, Genevieve F. Dunton and Tyler B. Mason
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Shirlene D. Wang: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90031, USA
Michele Nicolo: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90031, USA
Li Yi: Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Genevieve F. Dunton: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90031, USA
Tyler B. Mason: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90031, USA

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-10

Abstract: Food cues in the environment may contribute to obesity as the consumption of unhealthy foods may reinforce reward pathways in the brain. To understand how person-level differences in reward sensitivity may be associated with diet quality, this study aimed to examine the moderating role of the availability of fast food in the environment on the relationship between reward sensitivity and diet quality in adolescents. Participants ( n = 152; 55% female; Mage: 12.5 ± 0.93 y) completed the drive and reward subscales of the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)/Behavioral Activation System (BAS) Scale to assess reward sensitivity and completed two 24 h dietary recalls from which Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores (total score and subscales of adequacy and moderation) were calculated. Fast-food environment (FFE) was operationalized as the total number of fast-food outlets within 1 km around participants’ home address. Linear regressions were used to examine the main effects and interactions between reward sensitivity and FFE in relation to HEI score. Interactions were found between FFE and BAS drive ( p = 0.02) and BAS reward ( p < 0.01) on HEI adequacy. There were no interaction effects on HEI moderation or HEI total scores. For individuals who had lower access exposure to fast-food outlets (?1 SD), there was a stronger positive association between higher BAS drive (t = 2.85, p = 0.01, 95% CI (0.35, 1.94)) and HEI adequacy scores and between higher BAS reward (t = 3.27, p > 0.01, 95% CI (0.72, 2.93)) and HEI adequacy scores. By examining reward sensitivity to potential food cues in residential neighborhood food environments, it is possible to understand which adolescents are more sensitive to environmental food cues and implement interventions to buffer these influences.

Keywords: adolescents; cues; diet quality; fast food; food environment; reward sensitivity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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