Effect of Soybean and Soybean Koji on Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet: A Comparative Study

Sihoon Park, Jae-Joon Lee, Hye-Won Shin, Sunyoon Jung and Jung-Heun Ha
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Sihoon Park: Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
Jae-Joon Lee: Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
Hye-Won Shin: Food R&D Institute, CJ CheilJedang Corp., Suwon 16495, Korea
Sunyoon Jung: Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
Jung-Heun Ha: Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-19

Abstract: Soybean koji refers to steamed soybeans inoculated with microbial species. Soybean fermentation improves the health benefits of soybeans. Obesity is a serious health concern owing to its increasing incidence rate and high association with other metabolic diseases. Therefore, we investigated the effects of soybean and soybean koji on high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups ( n = 8/group) as follows: (1) regular diet (RD), (2) high-fat diet (HFD), (3) HFD + steamed soybean (HFD+SS), and (4) HFD + soybean koji (HFD+SK). SK contained more free amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids than SS. In a rat model of obesity, SK consumption significantly alleviated the increase in weight of white adipose tissue and mRNA expression of lipogenic genes, whereas SS consumption did not. Both SS and SK reduced serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. SS and SK also inhibited lipid accumulation in the liver and white adipose tissue and reduced adipocyte size. Although both SS and SK could alleviate HFD-induced dyslipidemia, SK has better anti-obesity effects than SS by regulating lipogenesis. Overall, SK is an excellent functional food that may prevent obesity.

Keywords: soybean koji; high-fat diet; obesity; dyslipidemia; rats (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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