Effects of Long-Term Freeze–Thaw Cycles on the Properties of Stabilized/Solidified Lead-Zinc-Cadmium Composite-Contaminated Soil

Zhongping Yang, Jiazhuo Chang, Yao Wang, Xuyong Li and Shu Li
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Zhongping Yang: School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
Jiazhuo Chang: School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
Yao Wang: School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
Xuyong Li: School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
Shu Li: Chongqing Geotechnical Engineering Testing Centre Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400045, China

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 11, 1-18

Abstract: Lead, zinc, and cadmium were used to prepare a composite-contaminated soil to replicate common situations, in which soil is usually simultaneously contaminated by multiple metals. To examine the long-term durability of stabilized/solidified (S/S) contaminated soil, specimens were subjected to a series of freeze–thaw (F-T) cycles, up to ninety times (one day per cycle), prior to testing. Triaxial compression tests, soil column leaching tests, and X-ray diffraction analysis were then employed to study the mechanical properties, environmental influences, and micro-mechanisms of the S/S lead-zinc-cadmium composite-contaminated soils after long-term F-T. The results showed that triaxial compressive strength increases within three F-T cycles, then decreases before slightly increasing or stabilizing after thirty F-T cycles. The stage of decreased cohesion thus occurs between three and fourteen F-T cycles, with variation in other factors similar to that of the triaxial compressive strength. The cohesion mainly increases between three and seven cycles. The soil column leaching test showed that the permeability of soil is more than four times higher than that of soil not subject to freeze–thaw cycles after ninety F-T cycles. XRD tests further revealed that the chemical composition of S/S contaminated soil and the occurrence of each heavy metal (HM) remained unchanged under F-T treatment.

Keywords: long-term freeze–thaw cycles; composite heavy metal contamination; solidification/stabilization; mechanical properties; environmental influence; micro-mechanism (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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