Institute of Medicine Recommendations on the Rate of Gestational Weight Gain and Perinatal Outcomes in Rural Bangladesh

S. M. Tafsir Hasan, Md Alfazal Khan and Tahmeed Ahmed
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S. M. Tafsir Hasan: Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
Md Alfazal Khan: Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
Tahmeed Ahmed: Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 12, 1-16

Abstract: Although validated in other parts of the world, the suitability of the U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 recommendations on gestational weight gain (GWG) for Bangladeshi women remains to be examined. We evaluated the association between the weekly rate of weight gain during the second and third trimester of pregnancy, categorized according to IOM recommendations, and adverse perinatal outcomes among 1569 pregnant women with singleton live births in rural Matlab, Bangladesh. Gaining weight at rates below the IOM recommendations was associated with higher odds of preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6), low birth weight (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.03–2.0), small-for-gestational-age newborns (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.04–1.7), and poor neonatal outcome (severe neonatal morbidity or death, AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.03–5.6). A GWG rate above the recommendations was associated with higher odds of cesarean delivery (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.6), preterm birth (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.4), large-for-gestational-age newborns (AOR = 5.9, 95% CI: 1.5–23.1), and poor neonatal outcome (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.04–7.0). Our results suggest that the IOM 2009 recommendations on GWG rate during the second and third trimester may be suitable for guiding rural Bangladeshi women in the prenatal period, although the women should aim for rates near the lower bound of the range.

Keywords: gestational weight gain (GWG); rate of weight gain in the second and third trimester; pregnancy; Institute of Medicine (IOM); small for gestational age (SGA); large for gestational age (LGA); preterm birth; cesarean delivery; neonatal death (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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