Do Environmental Stringency Policies and Human Development Reduce CO 2 Emissions? Evidence from G7 and BRICS Economies

Funda Hatice Sezgin, Yilmaz Bayar, Laura Herta and Marius Dan Gavriletea
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Funda Hatice Sezgin: Department of Industrial Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
Yilmaz Bayar: Department of Economics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandirma, Turkey
Laura Herta: Department of International Relations and German Studies, Faculty of European Studies, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Marius Dan Gavriletea: Department of Business, Faculty of Business, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-13

Abstract: This study explores the impact of environmental policies and human development on the CO 2 emissions for the period of 1995–2015 in the Group of Seven and BRICS economies in the long run through panel cointegration and causality tests. The causality analysis revealed a bilateral causality between environmental stringency policies and CO 2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and a unilateral causality from CO 2 emissions to the environmental stringency policies for Canada, China, and France. On the other hand, the analysis showed a bilateral causality between human development and CO 2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and unilateral causality from CO 2 emissions to human development in Brazil, Canada, China, and France. Furthermore, the cointegration analysis indicated that both environmental stringency policies and human development had a decreasing impact on the CO 2 emissions.

Keywords: environmental stringency policies; human development; CO 2 emissions; panel cointegration and causality analyses (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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