Assessing Cognitive Abilities Using the WAIS-IV: An Item Response Theory Approach

Gomaa Said Mohamed Abdelhamid, Marwa Gomaa Abdelghani Bassiouni and Juana Gómez-Benito
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Gomaa Said Mohamed Abdelhamid: Quantitative Psychology Unit, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
Marwa Gomaa Abdelghani Bassiouni: Department of Methods of Social Work, Faculty of Social Work, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
Juana Gómez-Benito: Quantitative Psychology Unit, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-15

Abstract: Background : The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) has been adapted to 28 different cultures and there has been considerable interest in examining its structure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. This study investigates item and scale properties of the Egyptian WAIS-IV using item response theory (IRT) models. Methods : The sample consisted of 250 adults from Egypt. The item-level and subtest statistical properties of the Egyptian WAIS-IV were established using a combination of four dichotomous IRT models and four polytomous IRT models. In addition, factor analysis was performed to investigate the dimensionality of each subtest. Results : Factor analysis indicated the unidimensionality of each subtest. Among IRT models, the two-parameter logistic model provided a good fit for dichotomous subtests, while the graded response model fitted the polytomous data. Most items of the Egyptian WAIS-IV showed high discrimination, and the scale was adequately informative across the levels of latent traits (i.e., cognitive variables). However, each subtest included at least some items with limited ability to distinguish between individuals with differing levels of the cognitive variable being measured. Furthermore, most subtests have items that do not follow the difficulty rank they are ascribed in the WAIS-IV manual. Conclusions : Overall, the results suggest that the Egyptian WAIS-IV offers a highly valid assessment of intellectual abilities, despite the need for some improvements.

Keywords: intelligence; cognitive; WAIS-IV; item response theory; psychometric; adults; validation; adaptation; assessment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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