Assessing Interactions between PNPLA3 and Dietary Intake on Liver Steatosis in Mexican-Origin Adults

Kristin E. Morrill, Victoria L. Bland, Yann C. Klimentidis, Melanie D. Hingle, Cynthia A. Thomson and David O. Garcia
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Kristin E. Morrill: University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Victoria L. Bland: Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Yann C. Klimentidis: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
Melanie D. Hingle: Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Cynthia A. Thomson: Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
David O. Garcia: Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-14

Abstract: Mexican-origin (MO) adults have among the highest rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) placing them at increased risk of liver cancer. Evidence suggests that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the PNPLA3 gene, rs738409, increases the risk and progression of NAFLD and may modify the relationship between certain dietary factors and liver steatosis. The purpose of this study was to identify whether interactions exist between specific dietary factors and rs738409 genotype status among MO adults in relation to levels of liver steatosis. We analyzed cross-sectional data from a sample of 288 MO adults. Participants completed at least two 24-h dietary recalls. Multiple linear regression was performed assuming an additive genetic model to test the main effects of several dietary variables on levels of hepatic steatosis, adjusting for covariates. To test for effect modification, the product of the genotype and the dietary variable was included as a covariate in the model. No significant association between dietary intake and level of hepatic steatosis was observed, nor any significant gene-diet interactions. Our findings suggest that dietary intake may have the same magnitude of protective or deleterious effect even among MO adults with high genetic risk for NAFLD and NAFLD progression.

Keywords: Hispanic; Mexican-origin; nutrigenetics; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NAFLD; PNPLA3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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