Social Cognitive Correlates of Physical Activity among Chinese University Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study

Liang Hu, Qia Hu and Yaping Xu
Additional contact information
Liang Hu: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310098, China
Qia Hu: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310098, China
Yaping Xu: Department of Physical and Art Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310098, China

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-11

Abstract: Despite the well-documented benefits of leisure time physical activity, university employees are often reported to be at high risk of physical inactivity and low fitness levels. However, few efforts have been made to identify modifiable correlates of physical activity among this population. From the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), the current study aims to examine the relationship between physical activity and a series of demographic variables (e.g., age, gender, income, education), self-reported fitness, and social cognitive variables. Data were collected through mail-based surveys from a convenience sample consisting of 116 Chinese university employees (age = 36.59 ± 8.7 y). An array of SCT variables, namely, exercise self-efficacy ( r = 0.55, p < 0.01), barrier self-efficacy ( r = 0.35, p < 0.01), exercise social support ( r = 0.37, p < 0.01), importance of physical self ( r = 0.30, p < 0.01), outcome expectations ( r = 0.24, p < 0.05), and satisfaction with health( r = 0.32, p < 0.01) were found to be positively correlated with physical activity in Chinese faculty and staff, and most of the correlations were moderate to large in magnitude. Further regression analyses indicate that exercise self-efficacy ( ? = 0.29, p < 0.01) and exercise social support from friends ( ? = 0.70, p < 0.01) emerge as significant predictors of physical activity after controlling for age, gender, occupation (faculty or staff), and self-reported fitness. It is concluded that these SCT variables are important correlates of university employees’ physical activity behavior. Future physical activity promotion interventions in this population should incorporate strategies to improve one’s confidence in maintaining regular physical activity and enhance social support from friends, which are likely to increase the effectiveness of these programs.

Keywords: physical activity; university employees; self-efficacy; outcome expectation; social support; importance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/13/7116/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/13/7116/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:7116-:d:587739

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().