Periodontal Conditions and Pathogens Associated with Pre-Eclampsia: A Scoping Review

Jocelyne Gare, Aida Kanoute, Nicolas Meda, Stephane Viennot, Denis Bourgeois and Florence Carrouel
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Jocelyne Gare: Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
Aida Kanoute: Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 10700, Senegal
Nicolas Meda: Public Health Laboratory (LASAP), ED2S Doctoral School of Sciences and Health, University Joseph Ki Zerbo, Ouagadougou 7021, Burkina Faso
Stephane Viennot: Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
Denis Bourgeois: Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
Florence Carrouel: Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 13, 1-16

Abstract: Background: Pre-eclampsia, the second most frequent direct source of maternal mortality, is a multisystem gestational disorder characterized by proteinuria and maternal hypertension after the 20th gestational week. Although the causes of pre-eclampsia are still discussed, research has suggested that the placenta has a central place in the pathogenesis of this disease. Moreover, current surveys indicated that periodontal disorders observed during the pregnancy and more particularly, periodontal pathogens could be link to the risk of pre-eclampsia. Objectives: This article aims to review recent studies focusing on periodontal conditions and pathogens associated with pre-eclampsia. Methods: The process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Results: Metabolic conditions, immunological changes, fluctuating progesterone and estrogen levels of the pregnant woman induce a dysbiosis of the oral microbiota and contribute to increase inflammation of periodontal tissues. Periodontal pathogens could diffuse through the bloodstream inducing a placenta inflammatory response as well as inflammatory molecules produced in response to periodontopathogens could migrate through the bloodstream leading to a placenta inflammatory response. Also, periodontopathogens can colonize the vaginal microbiota through the gastrointestinal tract or during oro-genital contacts. Conclusion: A cumulative bi-directional relationship between periodontal conditions, pathogens and the pre-eclampsia exists.

Keywords: periodontal disease; oral microbiota; periodontal pathogens; pre-eclampsia; gingivitis; pregnancy; dysbiosis; placenta; inflammation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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