Effects and Responsiveness of a Multicomponent Intervention on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Leptin in Overweight/Obese Adolescents

Leticia Borfe, Caroline Brand, Letícia de Borba Schneiders, Jorge Mota, Claudia Regina Cavaglieri, Neiva Leite, Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner, Cézane Priscila Reuter and Anelise Reis Gaya
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Leticia Borfe: Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90690-200, Brazil
Caroline Brand: Graduate Program on Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul 96816-501, Brazil
Letícia de Borba Schneiders: Graduate Program on Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul 96816-501, Brazil
Jorge Mota: Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
Claudia Regina Cavaglieri: Department of Adapted Physical Activity Studies, University State Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, Brazil
Neiva Leite: Department of Physical Education, University of Paraná, Curitiba 81690-100, Brazil
Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner: Department of Life Sciences and Graduate Program on Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul 96816-501, Brazil
Cézane Priscila Reuter: Department of Health Sciences and Graduate Program on Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul 96816-501, Brazil
Anelise Reis Gaya: Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90690-200, Brazil

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-14

Abstract: Physical exercise reduces the biochemical markers of obesity, but the effects of multicomponent interventions on these markers should be explored. The present study aimed to elucidate how overweight/obese adolescents respond to a multicomponent program approach on body composition, physical fitness, and inflammatory markers, using a quasi-experimental study with 33 overweight/obesity adolescents (control group (CG) = 16; intervention group (IG) = 17). The intervention consisted of 24 weeks with physical exercises and nutritional and psychological guidance. Both groups were evaluated at the pre/post-intervention moments on body mass index (BMI); body fat (%Fat); waist circumference (WC); waist/hip ratio (WHR); waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF); abdominal strength, flexibility; leptin; interleukin 6; interleukin 10; and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Mixed-analysis of variance and generalized estimation equations were used for statistical analysis. There was an interaction effect between groups and time on %Fat ( p = 0.002), WC ( p = 0.023), WHR ( p < 0.001), WHtR ( p = 0.035), CRF ( p = 0.050), and leptin ( p = 0.026). Adolescents were classified as 82.4% responders for %Fat, 70.6% for WC, 88.2% for WHR, and 70.6% for CRF. Further, there was an association between changes in %Fat ( p = 0.033), WC ( p = 0.032), and WHR ( p = 0.033) between responders and non-responders with CRF in the IG. There was a positive effect on body composition, physical fitness, and leptin. In addition, reductions in body composition parameters were explained by CRF improvements.

Keywords: obesity; physical exercise; youth; cardiorespiratory fitness; inter-individual variability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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