Clinical Holding in Pediatric Venipuncture: Caring by Empowering the Caregiver

Manuel Tomás-Jiménez, Elena Fernández Díaz, María Jesús Flores Sánchez, Andrea Navarro Pliego and Ramon Mir-Abellán
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Manuel Tomás-Jiménez: Patient Safety Research Group, Hospital Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
Elena Fernández Díaz: Pediatric Service, Hospital Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
María Jesús Flores Sánchez: Pediatric Service, Hospital Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
Andrea Navarro Pliego: Patient Safety Research Group, Hospital Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
Ramon Mir-Abellán: Patient Safety Research Group, Hospital Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-11

Abstract: The use of restraint in the child-adolescent population is highly controversial due to the consequences it can have for patients and their families, although it is sometimes necessary to employ restraint to perform techniques safely and effectively. Clinical Holding is committed to the involvement of parents during venipuncture in the context of family-centred care. This study assesses levels of distress and pain in children undergoing this procedure, as well as satisfaction in parents and nurses. Parents assist in the restraint of children and provide accompaniment during venipuncture. Levels of distress and pain were not particularly elevated. Satisfaction levels among parents and nurses were high. A positive correlation was found between anticipatory and real distress (r = 0.737, p = 0.000), and between real distress and real pain (r = 0.368, p = 0.035). A negative correlation was observed between real pain and parent satisfaction (r = ?0.497, p = 0.003). Parental participation during venipuncture contributed to better management of distress and pain. In the future, it would be advisable to incorporate the other pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures recommended by Clinical Holding to ensure care of the highest quality and safety.

Keywords: phlebotomy; children; adolescent; Clinical Holding; parent-child relations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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