Metabolic and Molecular Subacute Effects of a Single Moderate-Intensity Exercise Bout, Performed in the Fasted State, in Obese Male Rats

Éverton Lopes Vogt, Maiza Cristina Von Dentz, Débora Santos Rocha, Jorge Felipe Argenta Model, Lucas Stahlhöfer Kowalewski, Samir Khal de Souza, Vitória de Oliveira Girelli, Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt, Rogério Friedman, Mauricio Krause and Anapaula Sommer Vinagre
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Éverton Lopes Vogt: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Maiza Cristina Von Dentz: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Débora Santos Rocha: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Jorge Felipe Argenta Model: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Lucas Stahlhöfer Kowalewski: Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Samir Khal de Souza: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Vitória de Oliveira Girelli: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt: Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Rogério Friedman: Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil
Mauricio Krause: Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
Anapaula Sommer Vinagre: Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 14, 1-17

Abstract: Introduction and objectives : Obesity represents a major global public health problem. Its etiology is multifactorial and includes poor dietary habits, such as hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diets (HFDs), physical inactivity, and genetic factors. Regular exercise is, per se, a tool for the treatment and prevention of obesity, and recent studies suggest that the beneficial effects of exercise can be potentiated by the fasting state, thus potentially promoting additional effects. Despite the significant number of studies showing results that corroborate such hypothesis, very few have evaluated the effects of fasted-state exercise in overweight/obese populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the subacute effects (12 h after conclusion) of a single moderate-intensity exercise bout, performed in either a fed or an 8 h fasted state, on serum profile, substrate-content and heat shock pathway–related muscle protein immunocontent in obese male rats. Methods : Male Wistar rats received a modified high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce obesity and insulin resistance. The animals were allocated to four groups: fed rest (FER), fed exercise (FEE), fasted rest (FAR) and fasted exercise (FAE). The exercise protocol was a 30 min session on a treadmill, with an intensity of 60% of VO 2 max. The duration of the fasting period was 8 h prior to the exercise session. After a 12 h recovery, the animals were killed and metabolic parameters of blood, liver, heart, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were evaluated, as well as SIRT1 and HSP70 immunocontent in the muscles. Results : HFD induced obesity and insulin resistance. Soleus glycogen concentration decreased in the fasted groups and hepatic glycogen decreased in the fed exercise group. The combination of exercise and fasting promoted a decreased concentration of serum total cholesterol and triglycerides. In the heart, combination fasting plus exercise was able to decrease triglycerides to control levels. In the soleus muscle, both fasting and fasting plus exercise were able to decrease triglyceride concentrations. In addition, heat shock protein 70 and sirtuin 1 immunocontent increased after exercise in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Conclusions : An acute bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise, when realized in fasting, may induce, in obese rats with metabolic dysfunctions, beneficial adaptations to their health, such as better biochemical and molecular adaptations that last for at least 12 h. Considering the fact that overweight/obese populations present an increased risk of cardiovascular events/diseases, significant reductions in such plasma markers of lipid metabolism are an important achievement for these populations.

Keywords: fasting; aerobic exercise; obesity; metabolism; inflammation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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