Dietary Nutrients and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Renal Transplant Recipients

I-Hsin Lin, Tuyen Van Duong, Te-Chih Wong, Shih-Wei Nien, I-Hsin Tseng, Yang-Jen Chiang, Hsu-Han Wang and Shwu-Huey Yang
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I-Hsin Lin: Department of Medical Nutrition Therapy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
Tuyen Van Duong: School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Te-Chih Wong: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
Shih-Wei Nien: Department of Medical Nutrition Therapy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
I-Hsin Tseng: Department of Medical Nutrition Therapy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
Yang-Jen Chiang: Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
Hsu-Han Wang: Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
Shwu-Huey Yang: School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 16, 1-12

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in post-renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Adequate nutrient intake is a protective factor for CVD. We examined the associations of macronutrients and micronutrients with traditional and nontraditional CVD risk factors. Conducted from September 2016 to June 2018, this cross-sectional study included 106 RTRs aged ?18 years with a functioning allograft. Dietary intake data from 3-day dietary records were collected. Nutrient intake adequacy was defined using various instruments, including the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) guidelines. CVD risk factors were defined according to the K/DOQI guidelines. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations. CVD risk was present in all patients; the lowest proportions of adequate intake were 2.8% for dietary fiber and 0.9% for calcium. Adequate nutrient intake was associated with a lower likelihood of the occurrence of traditional CVD risk factors (specifically, 1.9–31.3% for hyperlipidemia and 94.6% for diabetes mellitus). It was also associated with a lower likelihood of the occurrence of nontraditional CVD risk by 0.8% for hypophosphatemia and 34% for hyperuricemia. Adherence to dietary guidelines should be promoted among RTRs to decrease CVD risk.

Keywords: dietary nutrient intake; kidney transplant; renal transplant recipients; cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular disease risk factor (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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