The Relationship of Tobacco, Alcohol, and Betel Quid with the Formation of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Community-Based Study from Northeastern Thailand

Prangtip Worakhajit, Pornpoj Fuangtharnthip, Siribang-on Piboonniyom Khovidhunkit, Pim Chiewwit and Boworn Klongnoi
Additional contact information
Prangtip Worakhajit: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Pornpoj Fuangtharnthip: Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Siribang-on Piboonniyom Khovidhunkit: Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Pim Chiewwit: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Boworn Klongnoi: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 16, 1-14

Abstract: This study’s objective was to describe the relationship between the main risk factors for oral cancer, including tobacco (in the form of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (SLT), secondhand smoking (SS)), alcohol, and betel quid (BQ), and the occurrence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). A community-based case-control study was conducted with a population of 1448 adults aged 40 years or above in northeastern Thailand. Patients aged 60 years or above (OR 1.79, p < 0.001) and female patients (OR 2.17, p < 0.001) had a significant chance of having OPMDs. Our multivariate analysis showed that the most potent risk factor for OPMDs occurrence was betel quid (BQ) (adjusted OR 4.65, p < 0.001), followed by alcohol (OR 3.40, p < 0.001). Even former users were at risk of developing OPMDs. The synergistic effect between these main risk factors was significantly shown in the group exposed to SLT, SS, BQ, and alcohol. The most potent synergistic effect was found in the group exposed to SLT, BQ and alcohol with the OR = 20.96.

Keywords: risk factors; tobacco; alcohol; betel quid; oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs); oral cancer screening (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8738/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8738/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8738-:d:617203

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().