Evaluation of Fine and Ultrafine Particles Proportion in Airborne Dust in an Industrial Area

Ondrej Machaczka, Vitezslav Jirik, Viera Brezinova, Adela Vrtkova, Hana Miturova, Petra Riedlova, Andrea Dalecka, Barbara Hermanova, Hana Slachtova, Grzegorz Siemiatkowski, Leszek Osrodka and Radim J. Sram
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Ondrej Machaczka: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Vitezslav Jirik: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Viera Brezinova: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Adela Vrtkova: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Hana Miturova: Institute of Public Health in Ostrava, 702 000 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Petra Riedlova: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Andrea Dalecka: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Barbara Hermanova: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Hana Slachtova: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Grzegorz Siemiatkowski: Lukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, 31-983 Cracow, Poland
Leszek Osrodka: Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research Institute, 01-673 Warsaw, Poland
Radim J. Sram: Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-14

Abstract: The health impacts of suspended particulate matter (SPM) are significantly associated with size—the smaller the aerosol particles, the stronger the biological effect. Quantitative evaluation of fine and ultrafine particles (FP and UFP) is, therefore, an integral part of ongoing epidemiological studies. The mass concentrations of SPM fractions (especially PM 2.5 , PM 1.0 , PM 0.25 ) were measured in an industrial area using cascade personal samplers and a gravimetric method, and their mass ratio was determined. The results of PM 2.5 , PM 1.0 were also compared with the reference measurement at stationary stations. The mean ratios PM 2.5 /SPM, PM 1.0 /SPM, and PM 1.0 /PM 2.5 were 0.76, 0.65, and 0.86, respectively. Surprisingly, a mass dominance of UFP with an aerodynamic diameter <0.25 ?m (PM 0.25 ) was found with mean ratios of 0.43, 0.57, 0.67 in SPM, PM 2.5 and PM 1.0 . The method used showed satisfactory agreement in comparison with reference measurements. The respirable fraction may consist predominantly of UFP. Despite the measures currently being taken to improve air quality, the most biologically efficient UFP can escape and remain in the air. UFP are currently determined primarily as particle number as opposed to the mass concentration used for conventional fractions. This complicates their mutual comparison and determination of individual fraction ratios.

Keywords: suspended particulate matter; mass concentration; respirable fraction; fine and ultrafine fraction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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