Secondary Attack Rate among Non-Spousal Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Tsuchiura, Japan, August 2020–February 2021

Tsuyoshi Ogata, Fujiko Irie, Eiko Ogawa, Shifuko Ujiie, Aina Seki, Koji Wada and Hideo Tanaka
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Tsuyoshi Ogata: Itako Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Itako 311-2422, Japan
Fujiko Irie: Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan
Eiko Ogawa: Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan
Shifuko Ujiie: Tsukuba Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsukuba 305-0035, Japan
Aina Seki: Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan
Koji Wada: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo 107-8402, Japan
Hideo Tanaka: Fujiidera Public Health Center of Osaka Prefectural Government, Fujiidera 583-0024, Japan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-10

Abstract: Household secondary attack rate (HSAR) by risk factor might have a higher transmission rate between spouses. We investigated risk factors for the HSAR among non-spousal household contacts of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied household contacts of index cases of COVID-19 in Tsuchiura, Japan, from August 2020 through February 2021. The HSARs of the whole household contacts and non-spousal household contacts were calculated and compared across risk factors. We used a generalized linear mixed regression model for multivariate analysis. We enrolled 496 household contacts of 236 index COVID-19 cases. The HSAR was higher for spousal household contacts (37.8%) than for other contacts (21.2%). The HSAR was lower for non-spousal household contacts with a household size (number of household members) of two (18.2%), compared to the HSAR for contacts with a household size ?4. The HSAR was higher for non-spousal household contacts of index patients with ?3 days of diagnostic delay (period between onset and diagnosis) (26.0%) compared to those with ?2 days’ delay (12.5%) ( p = 0.033). Among non-spousal household contacts, the HSAR was low for those with a household size of two and was high for contacts of index patients with a long diagnostic delay.

Keywords: COVID-19; household transmission; secondary attack rate; non-spouse; household size; diagnostic delay; Japan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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