Potential Protection of Pre-Existent Antibodies to Human Coronavirus 229E on COVID-19 Severity

Oscar Guzmán-Martínez, Kathia Guardado, Miguel Varela-Cardoso, Alejandro Trujillo-Rivera, Iván Gómez-Ñañez, María Cristina Ortiz-León, Rafaela Espinosa, Celso Ramos, Julio Isael Pérez-Carreón, Delia Vanesa López-Guerrero, Clara Luz Sampieri, Adrián Baruch Alanís-García, Fausto Rojas-Durán, Roberto Zenteno-Cuevas, Michelle Gutiérrez and Hilda Montero
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Oscar Guzmán-Martínez: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
Kathia Guardado: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
Miguel Varela-Cardoso: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Veracruzana, Ciudad Mendoza 94740, Mexico
Alejandro Trujillo-Rivera: Centro de Alta Especialidad “Dr. Rafael Lucio”, Servicio Medicina Interna, Xalapa 91020, Mexico
Iván Gómez-Ñañez: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
María Cristina Ortiz-León: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
Rafaela Espinosa: Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
Celso Ramos: Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
Julio Isael Pérez-Carreón: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
Delia Vanesa López-Guerrero: Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Mexico
Clara Luz Sampieri: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
Adrián Baruch Alanís-García: Jurisdicción Sanitaria No. VII, Servicios de Salud, Orizaba 94300, Mexico
Fausto Rojas-Durán: Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
Roberto Zenteno-Cuevas: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico
Michelle Gutiérrez: Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
Hilda Montero: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 17, 1-9

Abstract: The causes of the broad spectrum of severity in COVID-19 are unknown. A protective effect through humoral immunity from previous infections by viruses of the SARS-CoV-2 family could explain a mild form of this disease. This study aimed to address whether the presence of antibodies against human seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) could prevent severe manifestations of COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 165 participants. The presence of pre-existent antibodies against the seasonal HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63 were detected. From all of the seasonal HCoVs studied, it was only found that being seropositive to HCoV-229E presented an association ( p = 0.012) with developing mild clinical symptoms of COVID-19 or being asymptomatic. Multinomial regression analysis showed that being seropositive to HCoV-229E is associated with mild or moderate clinical symptoms for COVID-19. Statistical analysis also showed that being female is associated with being asymptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 infection or developing mild COVID-19. A subgroup analysis taking only seropositive to HCoV-229E revealed that females are more likely to develop asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 27.242, 95% CI 2.092–354.706, p = 0.012). Our results suggest that previous infections by HCoV-229E could prevent more serious clinical manifestations of COVID-19, but these are not the only variables that influence this event.

Keywords: human coronavirus; COVID-19; antibodies; seroprotection; SARS-CoV-2 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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