Nursing-Sensitive Outcomes among Patients Cared for in Paediatric Intensive Care Units: A Scoping Review

Matteo Danielis, Adele Castellano, Elisa Mattiussi and Alvisa Palese
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Matteo Danielis: Department of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Udine, Viale Ungheria 20, 33100 Udine, Italy
Adele Castellano: Department of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Udine, Viale Ungheria 20, 33100 Udine, Italy
Elisa Mattiussi: Department of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Udine, Viale Ungheria 20, 33100 Udine, Italy
Alvisa Palese: Department of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Udine, Viale Ungheria 20, 33100 Udine, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 18, 1-13

Abstract: Measuring the effectiveness of nursing interventions in intensive care units has been established as a priority. However, little is reported about the paediatric population. The aims of this study were (a) to map the state of the art of the science in the field of nursing-sensitive outcomes (NSOs) in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and (b) to identify all reported NSOs documented to date in PICUs by also describing their metrics. A scoping review was conducted by following the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Fifty-eight articles were included. Publications were mainly authored in the United States and Canada ( n = 28, 48.3%), and the majority ( n = 30, 51.7%) had an observational design. A total of 46 NSOs were documented. The most reported were related to the clinical ( n = 83), followed by safety ( n = 41) and functional ( n = 18) domains. Regarding their metrics, the majority of NSOs were measured in their occurrence using quantitative single measures, and a few validated tools were used to a lesser extent. No NSOs were reported in the perceptual domain. Nursing care of critically ill children encompasses three levels: improvement in clinical performance, as measured by clinical outcomes; assurance of patient care safety, as measured by safety outcomes; and promotion of fundamental care needs, as measured by functional outcomes. Perceptual outcomes deserve to be explored.

Keywords: critically ill patient; paediatrics; paediatric intensive care unit; nursing-sensitive outcomes; scoping review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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