Overweight and Obesity in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review

Laura Willinger, Leon Brudy, Michael Meyer, Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz, Peter Ewert and Jan Müller
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Laura Willinger: Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany
Leon Brudy: Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany
Michael Meyer: Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany
Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz: Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany
Peter Ewert: Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany
Jan Müller: Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 18, 1-15

Abstract: Background: Overweight and obesity have become a major public health concern in recent decades, particularly in patients with chronic health conditions like congenital heart disease (CHD). This systematic review elaborates on the prevalence and the longitudinal development of overweight and obesity in children and adults with CHD. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus from January 2010 to December 2020 on overweight and obesity prevalence in children and adults with CHD. Results: Of 30 included studies, 15 studies evaluated 5680 pediatric patients with CHD, 9 studies evaluated 6657 adults with CHD (ACHD) and 6 studies examined 9273 both pediatric patients and ACHD. Fifteen studies received the quality rating “good”, nine studies “fair”, and six studies “poor”. In children with CHD, overweight prevalence was between 9.5–31.5%, and obesity prevalence was between 9.5–26%; in ACHD, overweight prevalence was between 22–53%, and obesity was between 7–26%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was thereby similar to the general population. Overweight and obesity have been shown to increase with age. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults with CHD is similar to the general population, demonstrating that the growing obesity pandemic is also affecting the CHD population.

Keywords: congenital heart disease; overweight; obesity; body constitution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9931-:d:640089

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