ABO Blood Groups and the Incidence of Complications in COVID-19 Patients: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study

Salvador Domènech-Montoliu, Joan Puig-Barberà, Maria Rosario Pac-Sa, Paula Vidal-Utrillas, Marta Latorre-Poveda, Alba Del Rio-González, Sara Ferrando-Rubert, Gema Ferrer-Abad, Manuel Sánchez-Urbano, Laura Aparisi-Esteve, Gema Badenes-Marques, Belén Cervera-Ferrer, Ursula Clerig-Arnau, Claudia Dols-Bernad, Maria Fontal-Carcel, Lorna Gomez-Lanas, David Jovani-Sales, Maria Carmen León-Domingo, Maria Dolores Llopico-Vilanova, Mercedes Moros-Blasco, Cristina Notari-Rodríguez, Raquel Ruíz-Puig, Sonia Valls-López and Alberto Arnedo-Pena
Additional contact information
Salvador Domènech-Montoliu: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Joan Puig-Barberà: Vaccines Research Area FISABIO, 46020 Valencia, Spain
Maria Rosario Pac-Sa: Public Health Center, Health Department 2, 12003 Castello de la Plana, Spain
Paula Vidal-Utrillas: Health Centers I and II, Health Department 2, 12530 Borriana, Spain
Marta Latorre-Poveda: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Alba Del Rio-González: Health Centers I and II, Health Department 2, 12530 Borriana, Spain
Sara Ferrando-Rubert: Health Centers I and II, Health Department 2, 12530 Borriana, Spain
Gema Ferrer-Abad: Health Centers I and II, Health Department 2, 12530 Borriana, Spain
Manuel Sánchez-Urbano: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Laura Aparisi-Esteve: Carinyena Health Center, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Gema Badenes-Marques: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Belén Cervera-Ferrer: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Ursula Clerig-Arnau: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Claudia Dols-Bernad: Health Center, Health Department 3, 12200 Onda, Spain
Maria Fontal-Carcel: Health Center, Health Department 3, 12600 La Vall d’Uixó, Spain
Lorna Gomez-Lanas: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
David Jovani-Sales: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Maria Carmen León-Domingo: Villa Fátima School, Health Department 3, 12530 Borriana, Spain
Maria Dolores Llopico-Vilanova: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Mercedes Moros-Blasco: Carinyena Health Center, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Cristina Notari-Rodríguez: Health Center, Health Department 3, 12200 Onda, Spain
Raquel Ruíz-Puig: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Sonia Valls-López: Emergency Service Hospital de la Plana, Health Department 3, 12540 Vila-Real, Spain
Alberto Arnedo-Pena: Public Health Center, Health Department 2, 12003 Castello de la Plana, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-13

Abstract: After a COVID-19 outbreak in the Falles festival of Borriana (Spain) during March 2020, a cohort of patients were followed until October 2020 to estimate complications post-COVID-19, considering ABO blood groups (ABO). From 536 laboratory-confirmed cases, 483 completed the study (90.1%) carried by the Public Health Center of Castelló and the Emergency and Microbiology and Clinical Analysis of Hospital de la Plana Vila-real. The study included ABO determination and telephone interviews of patients. The participants had a mean age of 37.2 ± 17.1 years, 300 females (62.1%). ABO were O (41.4%), A (45.5%), B (9.1%), and AB (3.9%). We found no difference in the incidence of COVID-19 infections. A total of 159 (32.9%) patients reported one or more post-COVID-19 complications with divergent incidences after adjustment: O (32.3%), A (32.6%), B (54.1%), and AB (27.6%); B groups had more complications post-COVID-19 when compared with O group (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68, 95% CI 1.24–2.27), and symptoms of fatigue (1.79, 95% CI 1.08–2.95), myalgia (2.06, 95% CI 1.10–3.84), headache (2.61, 95% CI 1.58–4.31), and disorder of vision (4.26 95% CI 1.33–13.60). In conclusion, we observed significant differences in post-COVID-19 complications by ABO, with a higher incidence in B group. Additional research is justified to confirm our results.

Keywords: COVID-19; post-COVID-19; complications; symptoms; ABO blood groups; incidence; cohort; population based (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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