Natural Contaminants in Wines: Determination of Biogenic Amines by Chromatographic Techniques

Giuliana Vinci, Lucia Maddaloni, Sabrina A. Prencipe and Roberto Ruggieri
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Lucia Maddaloni: Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, Italy
Sabrina A. Prencipe: Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, Italy
Roberto Ruggieri: Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-13

Abstract: Biogenic amines (BAs) are natural contaminants of wine that originate from decarboxylase microorganisms involved in fermentation processes. The primary relevance of biogenic amines in food could have both toxic effects on consumers’ health (i.e., allergic reactions, nausea, tremors, etc.), if present at high concentrations, and concurrently it can be considered as a remarkable indicator of quality and/or freshness. Therefore, the presence of nine biogenic amines [Tryptamine (TRP), ß-phenylethylamine (ß-PEA), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), serotonin (SER), tyramine (TYR), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM)] was investigated in red and white wine samples, which differed in the winemaking processes. The qualitative-quantitative determination of BAs was carried out by chromatographic methods (HPLC-UV/Vis and LC-ESI-MS). The analysis showed that both winemaking processes had all the nine BAs considered in the study at different amounts. Data showed that red wines had a higher concentration of PUT (10.52 mg L ?1 ), TYR (7.57 mg L ?1 ), and HIS (6.5 mg L ?1 ), the BAs most involved in food poisoning, compared to white wines, probably related to the different type of fermentation (alcoholic and malolactic).

Keywords: contaminants; red wines; white wines; food quality; biogenic amines; winemaking processes; food safety; microorganisms; alcoholic fermentation; malolactic fermentation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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