Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Aerobic and Anaerobic Performances of Trained Male Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study

Hossein Miraftabi, Zahra Avazpoor, Erfan Berjisian, Amir Sarshin, Sajjad Rezaei, Raúl Domínguez, Reid Reale, Emerson Franchini, Mohammad Hossein Samanipour, Majid S. Koozehchian, Mark E. T. Willems, Ramin Rafiei and Alireza Naderi
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Hossein Miraftabi: Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
Zahra Avazpoor: Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
Erfan Berjisian: Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
Amir Sarshin: Clinical Care and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj 3149968111, Iran
Sajjad Rezaei: Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
Raúl Domínguez: Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain
Reid Reale: USA.UFC Performance Institute, Shanghai 200072, China
Emerson Franchini: School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
Mohammad Hossein Samanipour: Department of Sport Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 3414896818, Iran
Majid S. Koozehchian: Department of Kinesiology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL 36265, USA
Mark E. T. Willems: Institute of Sport, Nursing and Allied Health, College Lane, University of Chichester, Chichester PO19 6PE, UK
Ramin Rafiei: Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
Alireza Naderi: Department of Sport Physiology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd 6915136111, Iran

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-17

Abstract: Studies have shown that nitrate (NO 3 ? )-rich beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation improves endurance and high-intensity intermittent exercise. The dose–response effects on taekwondo following BJ supplementation are yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate two acute doses of 400 mg of NO 3 ? (BJ-400) and 800 mg of NO 3 ? (BJ-800) on taekwondo-specific performance and cognitive function tests compared with a placebo (PL) and control (CON) conditions. Eight trained male taekwondo athletes (age: 20 ± 4 years, height: 180 ± 2 cm, body mass: 64.8 ± 4.0 kg) completed four experimental trials using a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design: BJ-400, BJ-800, PL, and CON. Participants consumed two doses of BJ-400 and BJ-800 or nitrate-depleted PL at 2.5 h prior to performing the Multiple Frequency Speed of Kick Test (FSKT). Countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed before the (FSKT) and PSTT, whereas cognitive function was assessed (via the Stroop test) before and after supplementation and 10 min following PSTT. Blood lactate was collected before the CMJ tests immediately and 3 min after the FSKT and PSST; rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded during and after both specific taekwondo tests. No significant differences ( p > 0.05), with moderate and large effect sizes, between conditions were observed for PSTT and FSKT performances. In addition, blood lactate, RPE, heart rate, and CMJ height were not significantly different among conditions ( p > 0.05). However, after the PSTT test, cognitive function was higher in BJ-400 compared to other treatments ( p < 0.05). It was concluded that acute intake of 400 and 800 mg of NO 3 ? rich BJ reported a moderate to large effect size in anaerobic and aerobic; however, no statistical differences were found in taekwondo-specific performance.

Keywords: combat sport; ergogenic aid; high-intensity intermittent performance; martial arts (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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