Outpatient Assessment of Mechanical Load, Heat Strain and Dehydration as Causes of Transitional Acute Kidney Injury in Endurance Trail Runners

Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Ismael Martínez-Guardado, Braulio Sánchez-Ureña, Rafael Timón, Volker Scheer, José Pino-Ortega and Guillermo Olcina
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Daniel Rojas-Valverde: Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica
Ismael Martínez-Guardado: Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, 28015 Madrid, Spain
Braulio Sánchez-Ureña: Programa de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica
Rafael Timón: Grupo Avances en Entrenamiento Deportivo y Acondicionamiento Físico (GAEDAF), Facultad Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
Volker Scheer: Ultra Sports Science Foundation, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
José Pino-Ortega: Biovetmed & Sportsci Research Group, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Spain
Guillermo Olcina: Grupo Avances en Entrenamiento Deportivo y Acondicionamiento Físico (GAEDAF), Facultad Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-12

Abstract: Background: This study aimed to globally assess heat strain, dehydration, and mechanical load as acute kidney injury (AKI) indicators in amateur endurance trail athletes during a 35.3 km run. Methods: Thirty amateur experienced trail runners completed an endurance trail run (total positive ascend 1815 m). The following assessments were performed at four measurement time points (pre-, during, immediately post [-post 0h ], and after 24 h of the finish of the run [-post 24h ]): serum test (creatinine, blood ureic nitrogen, albumin, creatine kinase, blood ureic nitrogen: creatinine ratio, creatinine clearance, and glomerular filtration rate), mechanical load (impacts and Player Load), heat strain and dehydration (hematocrit, urine solids, body weight and urine specific gravity), pain and exertion perception (rate of perceived exertion, lumbar and bipodal, and one-leg squat pain), and urinalysis (pH, protein, glucose, erythrocytes, and urine specific gravity). Results: There were pre vs. post 0h changes in all serum biomarkers ( F = 5.4–34.45, p < 0.01). The change in these biomarkers correlated with an increase in mechanical load indicators ( r = 0.47–59, p < 0.05). A total of 40% and 23.4% of participants presented proteinuria and hematuria, respectively. Pain and perceived exertion increased significantly due to effort made during the endurance trail running ( F = 4.2–176.4, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Endurance trail running may lead to an increase in blood and urine indicators of transitional AKI. The difference in blood and urine markers was significantly related to the mechanical load during running, suggesting potential kidney overload and cumulative mechanical load.

Keywords: kidney failure; AKI; health; biomarkers; strenuous exercise; mountain running; kidney function; off-road running (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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