Excess Body Weight and Long-Term Incidence of Lung and Colon Cancer in Men; Follow-Up Study of 43 Years

Yftach Gepner, Shahar Lev-ari and Uri Goldbourt
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Yftach Gepner: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
Shahar Lev-ari: Department of Health Promotion, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 39040, Israel
Uri Goldbourt: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health and the Henry N. Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 39040, Israel

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-9

Abstract: Most evidence for an association between excess body weight and cancer risk has been derived from studies of relatively short duration with little reference to the effect on tumor site. This study was designed to evaluate the association between categories of body mass index (BMI: <20, 20–25, 25–30, and >30 kg/m 2 ) and the incidence of colon and lung cancer over 43 years of follow-up (1963–2006), in 10,043 men from the Israeli Ischemic Heart Disease (IIHD) prospective cohort (mean age at baseline 49.3 years, mean BMI 25.7 kg/m 2 ). Data from the Israel National Cancer Registry was linked with the IIHD, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to analyze the relative risks for lung and colon cancer across BMI categories at baseline. Three hundred cases of lung cancer (2.9%) and 328 cases of colon cancer (3.3%) were diagnosed in the total population. Applying a multivariate model adjusted for age, smoking intensity, and total cholesterol, higher BMI category was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer [HR = 1.22 (95% CI 1.02–1.45)], and with a decreased risk for lung cancer [HR = 0.66 (95% CI 0.56–0.77)]. In this long-term follow-up study over four decades, we observed a consistent dose-response pattern between BMI and increased risk for colon cancer, but decreased risk for lung cancer. Specific associations between excess body weight and cancer risk may suggest different patterns of body fat and cancer incidence at a given site.

Keywords: lung cancer; colon cancer; cancer incidence; body mass index; cohort study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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