Estimation of Lifetime QALYs Based on Lifestyle Behaviors

Shinichi Noto, Shota Saito, Takeru Shiroiwa and Takashi Fukuda
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Shinichi Noto: Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
Shota Saito: Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
Takeru Shiroiwa: Center for Outcomes Research and Economic Evaluation for Health (C2H), National Institute of Public Health, Wako 351-0197, Japan
Takashi Fukuda: Center for Outcomes Research and Economic Evaluation for Health (C2H), National Institute of Public Health, Wako 351-0197, Japan

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-10

Abstract: Various lifestyle behaviors have been known to affect health-related quality of life (HRQL) and life expectancy. However, the impact on quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), which can be used for health economics, has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of lifestyle behaviors on lifetime QALYs. We first examined the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and HRQL as measured by the EQ-5D-5L among 4000 participants via a web-based survey. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that physical activity and sleep were significantly related to HRQL. Therefore, we used microsimulation to estimate QALYs from physical activity and sleep, which were determined to be significant in the regression analysis. The results showed that there was a difference of 3.6 QALYs between the recommended lifestyle scenario (23.4 QALYs; 95%CI 3.6 to 35.1) and the non-recommended lifestyle scenario (19.8 QALYs; 95%CI 3.1 to 31.6). This difference was greater in the younger age group than in the older age group. The results also indicated a large difference in QALYs between physical activity and sleep. These findings may provide a significant suggestion for future health promotion measures.

Keywords: lifestyle behavior; health-related quality of life; QALY; physical activity; sleep (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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