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Vascular Ageing and Aerobic Exercise

Michaela Kozakova and Carlo Palombo
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Michaela Kozakova: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Carlo Palombo: Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-14

Abstract: Impairment of vascular function, in particular endothelial dysfunction and large elastic artery stiffening, represents a major link between ageing and cardiovascular risk. Clinical and experimental studies identified numerous mechanisms responsible for age-related decline of endothelial function and arterial compliance. Since most of these mechanisms are related to oxidative stress or low-grade inflammation, strategies that suppress oxidative stress and inflammation could be effective for preventing age-related changes in arterial function. Indeed, aerobic physical activity, which has been shown to improve intracellular redox balance and mitochondrial health and reduce levels of systemic inflammatory markers, also improves endothelial function and arterial distensibility and reduces risk of cardiovascular diseases. The present paper provides a brief overview of processes underlying age-related changes in arterial function, as well as the mechanisms through which aerobic exercise might prevent or interrupt these processes, and thus attenuate vascular ageing.

Keywords: ageing; endothelial dysfunction; arterial stiffness; aerobic exercise (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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