Long-Term Survival of Older Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19. Do Clinical Characteristics upon Admission Matter?

Michał Chojnicki, Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska, Mikołaj Seostianin, Zofia Tomczak, Hamza Tariq, Jerzy Chudek, Sławomir Tobis, Iwona Mozer-Lisewska, Aleksandra Suwalska, Andrzej Tykarski, Piotr Merks, Sylwia Kropińska, Małgorzata Sobieszczańska, Frank Romanelli and Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis
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Michał Chojnicki: Department of Immunobiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska: Geriatric Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
Mikołaj Seostianin: Geriatric Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
Zofia Tomczak: Geriatric Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
Hamza Tariq: Geriatric Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
Jerzy Chudek: Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-027 Katowice, Poland
Sławomir Tobis: Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
Iwona Mozer-Lisewska: Department of Infectious Diseases, Jozef Strus Hospital, 61-285 Poznan, Poland
Aleksandra Suwalska: Department of Mental Health, Chair of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
Andrzej Tykarski: Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
Piotr Merks: Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
Sylwia Kropińska: Geriatric Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland
Małgorzata Sobieszczańska: Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
Frank Romanelli: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis: Geriatric Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-16

Abstract: Older adults are particularly susceptible to COVID-19 in terms of both disease severity and risk of death. To compare clinical differences between older COVID-19 hospitalized survivors and non-survivors, we investigated variables influencing mortality in all older adults with COVID-19 hospitalized in Poznań, Poland, through the end of June 2020 ( n = 322). In-hospital, post-discharge, and overall 180-day mortality were analyzed. Functional capacity prior to COVID-19 diagnosis was also documented. The mean age of subjects was 77.5 ± 10.0 years; among them, 191 were females. Ninety-five (29.5%) died during their hospitalization and an additional 30 (9.3%) during the post-discharge period (up to 180 days from the hospital admission). In our study, male sex, severe cognitive impairment, underlying heart disease, anemia, and elevated plasma levels of IL-6 were independently associated with greater mortality during hospitalization. During the overall 180-day observation period (from the hospital admission), similar characteristics, excluding male sex and additionally functional impairment, were associated with increased mortality. During the post-discharge period, severe functional impairment remained the only determinant. Therefore, functional capacity prior to diagnosis should be considered when formulating comprehensive prognoses as well as care plans for older patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords: 180-day survival; COVID-19; older adults; functional impairment; prognosis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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