Clustering of Physical Activity, Diet and Sedentary Behavior among Youth from Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

Gabrielli Thais de Mello, Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes, Giseli Minatto, Rafael Martins da Costa, Thiago Sousa Matias, Paulo Henrique Guerra, Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho and Kelly Samara Silva
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Gabrielli Thais de Mello: Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes: Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
Giseli Minatto: Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
Rafael Martins da Costa: Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
Thiago Sousa Matias: Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
Paulo Henrique Guerra: Department of Medicine, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, Brazil
Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho: Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceara, Aracati 62800-000, Brazil
Kelly Samara Silva: Research Center for Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-16

Abstract: Background: The interaction between physical activity (PA), diet, and sedentary behavior (SB) plays an important role on health-related outcomes. This scoping review (Prospero CRD42018094826) aims to identify and appraise clusters of PA, diet, and SB among youth (0–19 years) according to country income. Methods: Five databases were searched. Fifty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: Fifty-five cluster types were identified, with greater variety in high-income than lower income countries. The most prevalent profiles were “ High SB and consumption of sugar, salt, and beverages (SSB) ” ( n = 17) and “ High PA ” ( n = 13–5), both of which presented in all income countries. The healthiest profile, “ High PA and fruit and vegetables (F&V); Low SB and SSB ” ( n = 12), was present in upper-middle and high-income countries, while the unhealthiest “ Low PA and F&V; High SB and SSB ” ( n = 6) was present only in high-income countries. Conclusions: High SB and unhealthy diet (SSB) were more prevalent in clusters, mainly in high-income countries. The results support the need for multi-component actions targeting more than one behavior at the same time.

Keywords: cluster analysis; diet; exercise; sedentary behavior (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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