Predictive Model of Preventive Behaviors against COVID-19 in the Older Adult: The PREASOC-COVID-19 Study

Carmen María Sarabia-Cobo, Aroa Delgado Uria, Marta García Lecue, Eva Izaguirre Palazuelos, César Martínez Ruiz and Ángela Fernández-Rodríguez
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Carmen María Sarabia-Cobo: Nursing Research Group IDIVAL, Geriatric Nursing Research Group, Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
Aroa Delgado Uria: Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Cantabria, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
Marta García Lecue: Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Cantabria, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
Eva Izaguirre Palazuelos: Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Cantabria, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
César Martínez Ruiz: Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Cantabria, IDIVAL, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
Ángela Fernández-Rodríguez: CAD Santander, IDIVAL, Gobierno de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain

IJERPH, 2021, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-12

Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 preventive behaviors, as the dependent variable, with risk perception, coping style and sense of coherence, as independent variables, in older people living in the community. Methods: An observational design for predictive model development. This study was reported following the STROBE statement. The subjects were people over 65 years of age living in the community. Data collection included sociodemographic variables related to COVID-19, risk perception and types, coping styles in the face of contagion, sense of coherence, and preventive behaviors in the face of COVID-19. The data collection period was from November 2020 to January 2021. Results: A total of 305 people participated in this study (71.5% women, mean age 71.34 years; 6.9% suffered from COVID-19 and 44.3% knew someone close to them who suffered from the virus). The coping style variables problem-focused, emotion-focused, and sense of coherence subscales Significance and manageability explained 17% of the variable preventive behaviors against COVID-19. There were statistically significant differences by gender in all subscales, with women scoring higher in all of them; Conclusions: Men with low risk perception, extrinsic risk perception, and low sense of coherence presented worse COVID-19 preventive behaviors. It would be interesting to develop specific prevention and health education campaigns for this population.

Keywords: COVID-19; sense of coherence; risk factor; coping behaviors; elderly; health knowledge; attitudes; practice; nurses; nursing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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